2012年8月23日星期四

李純恩:義和團


二十世紀初,清朝末年,中國發生了一次「扶清滅洋」的排外運動,這就是著名的「義和團運動」。

義和團眾,最初打的旗號是「反清復明」,跟朝廷作對,隨着清朝統治日久鞏固,義和團眾也不提「反清」,不想「復明」,到得清末,外國傳教士勢力在中國擴張,信眾日增,加之鴉片戰爭後國勢衰弱,洋人漸漸坐大,這便導致義和團(當時還叫「義和拳」)轉向支持清朝廷,將攻擊矛頭指向洋人,「扶清滅洋」,燒教堂,殺洋人,殺信洋教的中國人。

那一陣子,慈禧太后也覺得常受洋人烏氣,看着洋人不順眼,有這一幫子義和團代自己出氣,很痛快。1901年1月,頒旨維護,朝廷正式支持義和團,由得他們燒殺搶掠,胡作非為。義和團起初殺洋人,殺信洋教的中國人,後來發展到通洋語、用洋貨者也可殺之,有人因身懷一張洋紙被殺,有人因為不捨得扔掉兩本洋書被殺,最後是看誰不順眼,或貪圖某人財產,貪某人妻女美貌,隨便安一個「通洋」的罪名,不論男女老幼,皆屠之殺之。單於北京,死於義和團刀下的,便有十幾萬人。

浩劫一發不可收拾,八國聯軍借意攻佔北京,慈禧棄京逃到西安,清廷反過來幫手鎮壓,這一場大火才算撲滅,「扶清滅洋」的「民族主義運動」宣告失敗,百姓免於生靈塗炭。

二十一世紀初,民族主義火焰又在中國各地燒起,前兩天,一條震撼標語在西安出現:「哪怕華夏遍地墳,也要殺光日本人!」 

——爽报

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